The Sierra of Neiba is a mountainous formation located in the Bahoruco, Independencia, Elías Piña and San Juan provinces of the Dominican Republic. The mountain range is about 100 km long, from northwest to southeast, its profile is very steep, its slopes have maximum slopes of 40%.
One of its characteristics is the difficult access due to the existence of terraces and the weak soil. It has the largest cloud forest in the Antilles and the Caribbean and the highest altitude hardwood forests.
The scientific interest is invaluable for the natural history of many unidentified species of flora and fauna. Among this great diversity of life are special species, such as two frogs (Eleutherodactylus notidodes and E. parabates) and a lizard (Anolis placidus) that are native to this area. In the national park there are dry forests, tropical jungles and the largest reserves of mahogany in the country.
Its highest summit corresponds to Mount Neiba (2279 masl), which is followed by the summit of La Loma Tasajera del Chivito with 2176 masl, its vegetation is affected by deforestation processes.
In the Sierra de Neiba there are several archaeological sites from the pre-Columbian era, including the Las Caritas site in Postrer Río, near Lake Enriquillo, La Sierra de Neiba or Neyba (formerly also known as Cordillera Meridional) is located in the Southwest Region of the Country.
The firm of the Sierra of Neiba extends 50-60 kilometers from the border, in a west-east direction. In the westernmost 15 kilometers (Loma Tasajera del Chivito), the firm is up to four kilometers wide; to the east it becomes narrower with steep slopes both to the north and to the south.
In the relief of the Sierra de Neiba, karstic phenomena are observed, which originate an underground drainage. Likewise, dejection cones are observed, especially on the south side, which are accumulations of alluvial materials and debris that have come down from the mountain range since very remote ages.
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